Primary congenital renal dysplasia and pyelonephritis in a 1 year old FS Boxer

History

A 1-year-old spayed female Boxer dog was presented for excessive urination and anorexia. Abnormalities on urinalysis were hyposthenuria, trace hematuria, leukocyturia, and bacilli bacteria. Abnormalities on blood chemistry were elevated ALP activity and moderate azotemia. Lyme 4DX test results were negative.

Clinical Differential Diagnosis

Congenital renal disease, bacterial nephritis, pyelonephritis, renoliths, ascending cystitis.

DX

Primary congenital renal dysplasia and pyelonephritis

Sampling

None

Sonographic Differential Diagnosis

Primary renal dysplasia is likely. Chronic pyelonephritis is also suspected.

Image Interpretation

The kidneys demonstrate severe disruption of architecture, poor corticomedullary definition, and an abnormal corticomedullary ratio. The capsule is retracted in multiple areas, and pelvic disorganization is evident in both kidneys. Diffuse hyperechogenicity is consistent with secondary degenerative process. Pelvic dilation likely indicates concurrent pyelonephritis due to bacterial and leukocyte presence in the urine (despite hyposthenuria).